Literature Review: Barriers to Care Among People living with HIV in America

This week’s assignment

Prepare the Literature Review section of your paper. Begin with an introductory paragraph that describes your search parameters and what databases were used(Google Scholar, ERIC, PROQUEST). Be sure to avoid first person (I, we, me, us, etc.). Include at least one paragraph for each of your sources chosen in your Annotated Bibliography. This is not a repeat of the annotations in the annotated bibliography but should be written as an essay that flows easily from one point to the next. Remember, your literature review should be at least seven paragraphs (eight for full credit on the final paper), but not more than twelve paragraphs. Each paragraph should be at least three sentences in length but only contain one or two main points and support. Review your APA resources for how to properly cite references in your text. This is where you will apply in-text citation rules, as each paragraph will indicate the reference from which the information is taken.

Also, prepare your reference page. Please review your APA resources, as mentioned previously. Submit the entire document. However, only the literature review and reference page will be graded in this module.

Assignment Expectations

Length: 7-8 to 12 paragraphs for the Literature Review

Structure: Complete the Literature Review and Reference section

References: Minimum of a total of 6 (six) sources (at least 4 journal articles and 2 websites) formatted in APA style in the reference section and citations in the body of the text (6 journals and 3 websites for full credit on the final)

Annotated Bibliography

Bukowski, L. A., Chandler, C. J., Creasy, S. L., Matthews, D. D., Friedman, M. R., & Stall, R. D. (2018). Characterizing the HIV care continuum and identifying barriers and facilitators to HIV diagnosis and viral suppression among black transgender women in the United States. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 79(4), 413.

The authors, Bukowski et al., 2018 presented the research characterizing the continuum of HIV care and point out the facilitators and barriers to the diagnosis of HIV and viral suppression among black transgender in the United States. The black transgender women in the united states face no characterization of the HIV care continuum in the population despite experiencing a high prevalence of HIV. The study is applicable in addressing the barrier in care for black transgender women living with HIV by characterizing the care of HIV continuum and exploring how the virus correlates with viral suppression and HIV diagnosis among the community depending on the samples. Therefore, this article effectively completes the research on the barrier to care among people living with HIV/AIDs since it discusses the limitation of care among the black transgender women in the United States.

Hall, B. J., Sou, K. L., Beanland, R., Lacky, M., Tso, L. S., Ma, Q., … & Tucker, J. D. (2017). Barriers and facilitators to interventions improving retention in HIV care: a qualitative evidence meta-synthesis. AIDS and Behavior, 21(6), 1755-1767.

Hall et al. 2017 use the available data to describe the facilitators and barriers to the improvement of interventions in the retention of HIV care in qualitative evidence meta-synthesis contexts. The article describes retention in HIV care that is essential to the continuum care among individuals living with HIV. The review proposes synthesizing the qualitative research used in identifying the barriers and facilitators to HIV retention in the care interventions programs. The study also shows the qualitative evidence of the meta-synthesis that uses thematic analysis. Prospective reviews registration and review procedures following the PRISMA guidelines. Therefore, the article is much relevant in the research since it discusses the facilitators and barriers used in improving the retention in HIV care that is also applicable among the people living with HIV / AIDS in the United States.

Kimmel, A. D., Masiano, S. P., Bono, R. S., Martin, E. G., Belgrave, F. Z., Adimora, A. A., … & Sabik, L. M. (2018). Structural barriers to comprehensive, coordinated HIV care: geographic accessibility in the US South. AIDS care, 30(11), 1459-1468.

The author Kimmel et al., 2018, presents the research results in the southern United States to identify the structural barrier to comprehensive and coordinated HIV care for geographic accessibility. The article presents the challenges of the south’s structural barrier that has higher rates of diagnosis, uninsurance, rurality, and other comprehensive public health programs compared to other regions in the United States. The article suggests focusing on specific structural barriers examined geographically to coordinate the HIV care program south of the United States. Therefore, the article is effective for the research since it discusses the structural barriers to coordinated and comprehensive HIV care used in assessing the barrier to care among people with HIV / AIDS.

Levison, J. H., Bogart, L. M., Khan, I. F., Mejia, D., Amaro, H., Alegría, M., & Safren, S. (2017). “Where It Falls Apart”: barriers to retention in HIV care in Latino immigrants and migrants. AIDS patient care and STDs, 31(9), 394-405.

Levison et al., 2017 also contribute to evaluating barriers encountered in the care among people with HIV/ AIDS by evaluating the retention barriers in HIV care among the Latino migrants and immigrants. They researched a semi-structured interview approach. Latino immigrants in the United States also suffer from HIV infections. However, they also encounter challenges to consistent attendance in the HIV primary care plan opportunities for the success of HIV treatment plan and success. Therefore, this article is essential in the research since it actively engages Latin Americans as well as identifying berries in retaining HIV care that relates to the main subject in the presented topic.

Pleuhs, B., Quinn, K. G., Walsh, J. L., Petroll, A. E., & John, S. A. (2020). Health care provider barriers to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in the United States: a systematic review. AIDS Patient Care and STDs, 34(3), 111-123.

Pleuhs et al., 2020 presents relevant articles for the discussion by conducting a target search that focuses on PrEP and providers’ term in the actual study. The article discusses the increasing prescriptions of the prophylaxis pre-exposure imperative with the target of ending the epidemic of HIV/ AIDS statuses. The objective of this article is the aim of identifying the barriers encountered by healthcare providers to the implementation of PrEP. The research relies on the systematic review conducted in February to point out the barrier to PrEp prescription in the United States. The article is essential in the research since it evaluates the limitation encountered in prescribing PrEP to provide care to HIV-infected patients. In the United States.

Robbinson, R., & Moodie- Mills, A. (2012, July 27). HIV/AIDS Inequality: Structural Barriers to Prevention, Treatment, and Care in Communities of Color

Robbinson & Moodie- Mill 2012, are active in describing the HIV/AIDs inequality with the structural barrier used in treatment, prevention, and care within the communities of color. The interests of servicing the victims of HIV AIDS have remained the United States’ interests. It has been instrumental in hosting conferences, thus showing its value on care for infected patients. The authors address the HIV/ AIDS inequality that considers the address of structural barriers used to prevent, caring, and prevent the community color within the United States. Therefore, this article would be effective in the research since it would address the values of how people living with HIV AIDS in the United States occasionally experience significant challenges when sourcing healthcare services.

Weiser, J., Brooks, J. T., Skarbinski, J., West, B. T., Duke, C. C., Gremel, G. W., & Beer, L. (2017). Barriers to universal prescribing of antiretroviral therapy by HIV care providers in the United States, 2013–2014. Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes

Weiser et al. (2017) evaluate the barrier to the universal prescription of antiretroviral therapy by HIV care providers in the United States. The research was carried out from 2013 to 2014. The researchers used a survey for the probability sample of HIV care providers. Percentage estimates were established in the research on the participants who followed the directions of the research. The initiators are less likely to initiate. Therefore, the article is useful in the research since it would be used to determine the actual universal barriers to the provision of ARVs in the united states that are also part of the barrier for care among people living with HIV.

Wohl, D. A., Kuwahara, R. K., Javadi, K., Kirby, C., Rosen, D. L., Napravnik, S., & Farel, C. (2017). Financial barriers and lapses in HIV-infected adults’ treatment and care in a southern state in the United States. AIDS patient care and STDs, 31(11), 463-469.

Wohl et al., 2017 present the research on the financial lapses and barriers applied in the care and treatment of the infected adults in the United States’ southern state. Antiretroviral adherence has significantly been considered from the individual’s perspective on the behaviors in general with less intention focusing on the potential structural cause’s lapses used in treatment such as medication costs and care in general. The payers cover the expenses on medication in the third party. Nevertheless, the private insurance premiums and deductible might arise with the termination of policies alongside the employment changes. Therefore, this article would be essential in researching the barriers to the care among people living with HIV AIDS since it addresses the major challenge of financial lapses and barriers used in the lapse in the care and treatment of the adults infected with HIV.

Yehia, B., Stewart, L., Momplaisir, F., Mody, A., Holtzman, C., Jacobs, L., . . . Metlay, J. (2015, June 28). BMC Infectious Disease

Yahia et al., 2015 uses semi-structured interviews as the most appropriate research method for the complete study. Background retention in HIV care advances the survival and limits the risks of the infected individual to others. The multiple quantitative studies describe the clinical and demographic characteristics related to retention in HIV care. However, the application of qualitative studies is required for a better understanding of facilitators and barriers. Therefore, the article would be essential for studies on the barriers to care among people living with HIV AIDS. It presents an adequate description of facilitators and barriers used to retain the patients in HIV care.